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Types of Chemical Reactions

Chemical reactions can be classified into several types based on the pattern of bond breaking and formation. Understanding reaction types helps predict products and reaction behavior.

Common Types of Chemical Reactions​

  1. Synthesis (Combination) Reactions

    • Two or more substances combine to form a single product
    • Example: 2 H₂ + O₂ → 2 H₂O

  2. Decomposition Reactions

    • A single compound breaks down into two or more simpler substances
    • Example: 2 H₂O₂ → 2 H₂O + O₂

  3. Single Replacement (Displacement) Reactions

    • One element replaces another in a compound
    • Example: Zn + 2 HCl → ZnCl₂ + H₂

  4. Double Replacement (Metathesis) Reactions

    • Exchange of ions between two compounds
    • Example: AgNO₃ + NaCl → AgCl + NaNO₃

  5. Combustion Reactions

    • Rapid reaction with oxygen producing energy, CO₂, and H₂O
    • Example: CH₄ + 2 O₂ → CO₂ + 2 H₂O

  6. Redox Reactions

    • Involves transfer of electrons (oxidation-reduction)
    • Example: 2 Na + Cl₂ → 2 NaCl

Importance​

  • Classifying reactions helps in predicting products
  • Fundamental for stoichiometry calculations, laboratory experiments, and industrial applications

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