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Solutions and Mixtures

A solution is a homogeneous mixture of two or more substances, while a mixture can be either homogeneous or heterogeneous. Understanding the differences and representations of solutions and mixtures is essential in chemistry.

Types of Mixtures​

  1. Homogeneous Mixtures

    • Uniform composition throughout
    • Examples: Salt water, air

  2. Heterogeneous Mixtures

    • Non-uniform composition; distinct phases
    • Examples: Sand in water, oil and water

Components of a Solution​

  • Solute: Substance being dissolved
  • Solvent: Substance that dissolves the solute
  • Concentration: Amount of solute in a given quantity of solvent or solution

Properties of Solutions​

  • Particles are molecular or ionic in size
  • Do not settle upon standing
  • Cannot be separated by filtration
  • Exhibit colligative properties (e.g., boiling point elevation, freezing point depression)

Importance​

  • Solutions are essential in chemical reactions, laboratory experiments, and biological processes.
  • Differentiating mixtures allows for appropriate separation techniques, such as filtration, distillation, and chromatography.

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